This document is a summary of the Regional Report on the implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development that was prepared by UNECE and UNFPA to inform the Regional Conference “Population and Development: Ensuring Rights and Choices” (19 and 20 October 2023, Geneva). The Regional Report presents progress in the implementation of the ICPD Programme of Action in the UNECE region since the last review in 2018 and highlights achievements and setbacks in population and development outcomes over time. The report identifies areas where acceleration of efforts is required to realize individual and societal potential and highlights policy responses to both longstanding and emerging issues. It provides action-oriented recommendations towards advancing progress on the ICPD PoA in the context of evolving demographic, social, and economic realities in the UNECE region.