This report was commissioned by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Azerbaijan. The report presents an analytical overview of the modern demographic situation and trends in population development of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the early 21st century. It is intended for a wide audience, primarily decision-makers at various government levels, monitoring specialists in the socio-economic sector, and civil society organisations involved in the provision and protection of social rights. The content of the report may also be of interest to the academic staff and students of higher and secondary schools specialising in population issues and the demographic aspect of socio-economic development of Azerbaijan.

The importance of the analytical report on demographic situation is explained by the fact that the correlation between population and resources is the major determinant of the economic potential and social stability of any country. Changes in population size, age structure, spatial distribution and mobility are critical for long-term socio-economic development.